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The mechanics of materials by b c punmia pdf free is a book about the interaction between forces and deformations of solid bodies under the action of external forces. It has been authored by B.C Punmia, a lecturer in mechanical engineering who has been widely appreciated for his work on the mechanics of solids with particular emphasis on material science, biomaterials and nanotechnology. In this blog post, we will be looking at how stiffness is defined as a ratio that relates force to deformation, how it can be calculated from stress-strain curves or from yield criteria and relate tensile stresses to clamp compression stresses. Stress and strain: Mechanics is a branch of physics concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements. Engineering mechanics focuses on the analysis of machines, structures, materials and systems to ensure they are safe and function correctly. It involves the study of force, mass, acceleration, momentum, torque, vectors as well as applied kinematics. It involves analysing materials for their elasticity tensile strength and how these properties change with temperature or stress. The analysis also involves calculating displacement or velocity worked out by computing derivatives of displacement over time. This data can be used to design structures which are safe for human beings to operate in. The mechanical properties of solids, especially elasticity, are very important for engineering because materials have to change shape when subjected to forces. If the shape changes, either substantially or completely, it will cause the material to deform or move. The study of how this happens is called mechanics. For example, if the atoms in a piece of steel are placed under stress, the iron atoms have to move in order to accommodate this change in their position. This process is called "deformation". The work done by these atoms as they move depends on how difficult it is for them to change their position and this is dependent on what we call the stress (definitively approximately: stress σ). If the atoms are in a very strained position they will have to try to move in order to accommodate the stress. If the forces are very high, the rate of change in position is low and it takes quite a long time for them to move. This is called strain. The stresses σ are defined by the products of the applied forces F with displacements s over area A. The strains are defined by s2/r2, where r is displacement per unit area. An important concept for engineering mechanics is that of stiffness, defined as a ratio relating force per unit length with deformation per unit length, i.e. as a ratio relating force to deformation as EI. It is defined as where F is force, ε is strain and L is the distance the material has been displaced. For a spring, EI will be proportional to its force constant k. For materials that exhibit Hooke's Law, namely simple metals and elastomers, stiffness follows a linear relation to stress up to a certain point called elastic limit or yield stress. This relation between stiffness and stress can be determined from Hooke's law through the proportionality between tension and compression stress. In other words, the stiffness of a material can be used to determine how much pressure can be applied before it has yielded. This reasoning is explained in further detail below . cfa1e77820
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